Michael Maiello's picture

    The Conspiracy Against The Middle Class

    There's a kind of New York Times story that Atrios likes to mock where somewhat wealthy New Yorkers complain about the massive inflation of prices for certain goods in the city, particularly real estate and private school tuition.  Real estate is probably the biggest issue as anyone who wants to buy in the city has to compete not only with ultra high net worth locals but with wealthy buyers from abroad.  So you get stories of people who have managed to save a million dollars and try to buy an apartment with all cash only to be outbid and forced into a mortgage.  I know, wah, right?

    However, there actually is a problem of inflation for certain limited, desirable goods and it isn't just limited to Manhattan real estate.  Urban real estate and rental prices are now through the roof around the country.  College tuition is through the roof throughout the country.  The costs to participate in civic society by joining a charity board are now much higher than they once were and the expectations for fundraising are now prohibitive for those who do not hobnob with the very wealthy.

    Now, part of the Atrios argument is that if you can't compete while making six figures, you should stop to imagine what it's like for people making $50,000 a year, which is the median income (and has been stagnant for a decade).  I completely agree.  What's being missed here is that the six figure urbanite has more in common with the $50,000 a year earner elsewhere than they do with the ultra high net worth people who are responsible for much of the inflation in the U.S.

    Or, put another way, the real and growing wealth gap between the richest and poorest is a problem, but so is the real and growing wealth gap between the richest and the middle class.  I'm going to let David Brooks take it from here for a little bit because, you know, I'm a glutton for punishment.

    If you are a young professional in a major city, you experience inequality firsthand. But the inequality you experience most acutely is not inequality down, toward the poor; it’s inequality up, toward the rich.

    You go to fund-raisers or school functions and there are always hedge fund managers and private equity people around. You get more attention than them at parties, but your whole apartment could fit in their dining room. You struggle with tuition, but their kids go off on ski weekends. You wait in line at the post office, but they have staff to do it for them.

    You see firsthand the explosion of wealth at the tippy-top. It really doesn’t help that you have to spend your days kissing up to the oligarchs and their foundations to finance your research, exhibition or favorite cause.

    Brooks then suggests that conservatives give a little on the inheritance tax issue but then suggests that nothing be done about a situation he describes as combat between those with cultural capital and those with financial capital.  The financial capital wins and Brooks is basically fine with that.  Change the conversation, he says, to "emphasize that the historically proven way to reduce inequality is lifting people from the bottom with human capital reform, not pushing down the top."

    Now, one thing off the bat is that Republicans are also terrible at helping the truly poor. They'll snatch away food stamps and tuition assistance or health care without a thought.  But even if they could be persuaded to listen to Brooks on this, the people caught in the middle are still left without any help at all.  It is, in the end, fine with Brooks if middle class people have to work until they die while Paris Hilton does not.

    Thing is, I think a lot of people on the left kind of agree with Brooks.  They don't really see it as that big a deal with ultra rich people make cities like San Francisco and New York unlivable (or if prices reduce people who would otherwise own to renters).  They see that as a massive "first world problem" and rightly point out that people have been priced out of communities throughout history.  They don't really see it as a problem that some people have to work while others do not.  They don't really see it as a problem that the rich kid with parental support has more options than the one whose parents can't bankroll them (I pay a lot of attention to the backgrounds of successful actors, artists and writers and it's a little stunning how many of them came from wealthy families).

    To complain about this sort of thing is dismissed as either ingratitude or the expression of some sort of dangerous Utopian impulse.  The world is a sordid place, it can't all be fixed and there are in, fact, bigger problems out there than the tuition at Amherst or the outrageous ask for a small Manhattan apartment in a "meh" neighborhood. To an extent, most everybody is "struggling," so we have to use limited resources mostly for those who are, in fact, "suffering" (and we do a terrible job of that.)

    But I defy anyone to look at the deal the way Brooks describes it where those with cultural capital genuflect to those with financial capital and to say "this is the best way to organize society."  It just isn't.

    Addendum: The American Middle Class Is No Longer The World's Richest

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    Comments

    There are at least two ways to look at this: fairness and health (for lack of a better word). Not sure how to put this, exactly.

    Though I agree that there's much unfairness in gross inequality, I'm not sure it's the best way to move the discussion forward.

    Inevitably, it seems, things devolve into charges and counter charges of "class warfare" and "transfer payments" being akin to stealing from the rich and debates over whether the rich "really earned" what they have and so on.

    But another way to look at it is to take a step back and try to become an objective, disinterested observer. Then I might say that a city in which only rich people live well and have an "ownership stake" is an impoverished city.

     


    Of course, someone could say that the great cities became great at times of even greater inequality and less mobility.

    But maybe inequality isn't what it used to be. Meaning, at one time, perhaps, when folks down the chain had no expectations of moving up, the physical hardships were great, but the psychological, demoralizing pain was less.

    I dunno. Just noodling.

    Not sure how fruitful comparisons between different eras really are. Humans may not have evolved much physically, but their consciousness--the seat of pain and pleasure -- has evolved tremendously.


    I really enjoyed this piece, but I think you're glossing over your choice (and mine) to live in New York. You could move to the suburbs or another city where the prices are not so astronomical, but we'd rather give up large shares of our income to live here.

    Suppose you didn't want to live in Manhattan but some tony neighborhood like Beverly Hills? It wouldn't invite much sympathy. It might even invite comedy. People don't get to live wherever they want. I think the issue here is not the plight of the middle class but rather the plight of NYC. Beverly Hills has nothing to lose by your absence. It's a place for rich people, and everyone accepts that. But NYC and SF are supposed to be different. They have storied histories and have always hosted rich and poor alike (albeit in different neighborhoods). We don't want to see them become Beverly Hills.


    That last part is the big part of it.  The inflation within New York and San Francisco, particularly around apartment ownership, has been rampant.  Both places are becoming Beverly Hills or Malibu.  New York's previous mayor encouraged it.

    Now, the truth is, one can move.  The NYC suburbs are also expensive but the more you're willing to commute, the more you save.  Some people come into NY from Philadelphia. People go from Oakland to San Francisco.  Some of it is what you'll tolerate, what's important, etc.

    It isn't necessarily the case, in most professions, that you could just up from one of those places and move to a cheaper city, though, because the salaries are not always portable. I don't know that my job would pay the same if I were to get a similar position in, say, Austin.

    But, people don't get to do the jobs they want, necessarily, either.

    This all kind of brings us back, though, to that growing gap between the ultra rich and the middle class, though.  They do get to live where they want.  They do get to choose when and how they work.  Should it be the goal, whether or not it seems practical, to provide every American with that sort of freedom?  Or is that a bad goal?


    I say we should all have as much freedom of choice as possible, but there are always limits. Jobs and real estate are finite. Only so many people can become successful actors or writers or teachers or cops or whatever they want to be. Only so many people can fit in Manhattan. Heck, even if you ejected the top 5 percent of New Yorkers, rent would still be sky-high. Too many people like you and me want to live here.

    So I would put it differently. We should strive to minimize the disparities whereby some people own mansions and luxury condos all over the world while others are lucky to rent a tiny slum apartment.


    around apartment ownership

    Don't know how old you are or how long you've lived in NYC, but buying an apartment in NYC, in Manhattan, has been "impossible" since forever, AFAIK.

    Long before Koch.

    Almost everyone "normal" has always rented there. But if you were renting there since forever, you could get some astoundingly cheap rents.


    Here is a great article on San Francisco's housing problem: How Burrowing Owls Lead to Vomiting Anarchists (or SF's Housing Crisis Explained)

    It's long but worth the read.  Here is one part that seems to be along the lines of this blog:

    You’ll see in the table above that the market is mostly producing housing for ‘above moderate’ incomes, then some ‘low income’ housing units, but hardly anything for ‘moderate incomes.’ The lack of options for middle-class San Franciscans in turn feeds the two-tier systems that we’re seeing in transportation with MUNI-versus-Uber and in education, where 30 percent of the city’s students go to private schools at $30,000 per year while the public school system will see almost all of its enrollment growth coming from public housing over the next three decades.

     


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