As Vance Packard said a long time ago in his book, NATION OF STRANGERS, we've lost the cohesion and mutual support we had as a society when people stayed put, sharing houses or living across the street from family and friends, or at least living in the same town.
As Packard pointed out, corporate ladder climbing began to pull families apart as early as the 1950's; IBM, for example, was satirized as standing for "I've Been Moved." Then urban planners, working in concert with departments of transportation, exacerbated the problem even for those who stayed in one place. Thanks to their vision of the future, in almost every city, and even in many medium-sized towns, the cohesion of neighborhoods has been decimated by crosstown expressways, on ramps and off ramps. The coup de grace was furnished by the developers of mega-shopping malls and clustered box stores that ripped the guts out of neighborhood businesses, and therefore the ease of pedestrian shopping and social interaction.
Terrible. Thanks to these "opportunities and improvements," we are isolated from our families and friends, geographically; and -- in terms of the car and housing bubbles we occupy -- isolated from our fellow man in general. Yet -- it is unrealistic to think that we can miraculously go back to simpler, more pedestrian friendly town plans, overnight, if at all in the foreseeable future. We simply do not have the money to raze the suburbs and build more civilized villages and towns in their place -- much less to provide temporary housing for surburbanites while that slow process takes place. That's not all bad; maybe even good. Because there is more energy in going forward than going back; in fact, most of us yearn, not for the past, but for a new version of the community connection some of us vaguely remember, and others intuitively desire.
The challenge -- because our entrepreneurial as well as our personal resources are so limited -- will be to utilize, for now, what we have in place, however imperfect it may be. For example:
a. McMansions. For now, can the sow's ear that is represented by the suburban McMansion be converted to a silk purse? Can these behemoth blights on the landscape (that are now often empty) be converted, at relatively low cost, to provide modest, but far more intrinsically civilized housing for extended families and/or groups of friends? The 3-6000 square footage alone says yes, as does the wasteful variation on a theme of room usage -- living room, great room, home office and FROG? (In the south at least, a FROG = a Family Room Over Garage.)
Although it sounds alarming, a bit Doctor Zhivago-ish, to people who have become accustomed to absolute privacy, such a house could be retrofitted fairly easily into two or three separate suites consisting of private sitting rooms, bedrooms and bathrooms, while allowing the ubiquitous and enormous kitchen/"great room" to be allocated for common use. This not only avoids the expense of unnecessarily duplicating kitchens, but also fosters togetherness.
(The lawyers and financial wizards among you will have to figure out how the parts of those shared houses can be financed, as well as how individual investments could be recovered if someone wants to leave without endangering the whole.)
b) School conversions. Regrettably, few of us have the resources in land or money for family compounds, on which the original house and dispersed separate cottages evolved as a civilized way for different generations to be together, but also maintain individual privacy. That's a sadness, as it is a model that is, in many ways, ideal. So, utilizing only our current housing stock, how can we offer everyone an Everyman's version of that graceful arrangement?
At the top of the list, we could convert many of the private boarding schools that are foundering and doomed to go out of business (for example, the one where I teach) -- not into miniscule sub parcels for the development of more McMansions, but rather, into viable shared communities, villages really, for 100-300 people. The physical plan works well for sharing, as the buildings are already divided between those that are intended for shared use (the old estate house that, on the first floor, offers a vast kitchen, dining room, drawing room and gallery, with attached flanking wings that house an infirmary and a chapel/meeting room); those that are intended for common industry (classrooms that could be converted to offices and studios for entrepeneurial ventures); and those that provide housing of one sort or another (low-rise dormitories and faculty housing that could be converted into more civilized living spaces).
And, like a good set of Gin-Su knives, these schools offer a bonus; they come equipped with vans for shared transportation (to the train station, for example), all forms of maintenance equipment (and also the barns in which to store them). They provide ready-made shared playing fields, walking paths through the woods, and lovely open space on which communal gardens could be planted, among other things.
c) Cluster housing. What about reconsidering and redefining the cluster housing model? We could simply redefine its target demographic, rejecting the age designation (and subsequent age segregation) of these communities that has effectively resulted in full occupancy, but lifeless warehousing of aging retirees. The cluster model works well when people of all ages use it -- as TheraP suggested, there is a natural match, for example, between retirees and working parents in need of good daycare, etc.. In fact, cluster housing works well for anyone of any age trying to cut down on both space and expenses, and would work even better if a central cluster were devoted to a community kitchen/dining room/library, etc.
c) Hotels. In 2001, in Miami, urban chic friends of mine (some of whom had children) -- people who were no longer interested in the expense and maintenance involved in owning private houses with gardens -- seriously discussed joining forces to buy a small Deco hotel on the beach (boasting a roof terrace with an ocean view and a beautiful pool in the garden) when it went up for sale; their plan to combine rooms into light-drenched, spacious apartments, while converting the restaurant into a shared private dining room really worked, as did their willingness to share a common garden and pool.
d) Assisted Living/Nursing homes and Singles' complexes. Even these ghastly bastions of polarized age segregation have something to teach us, and they should be studied as models for housing groups of people in community. One doesn't have to be near death or, conversely, swinging from chandeliers to live alone; nor does one have to be single to believe in taking up less space.
Upscale assisted living/nursing homes are, for example, better than singles' complexes in terms of providing sensible kitchen facilities. Their developers recognize, as a singles' complex does not, that no one who is old and tired, or (in the case of singles) working full-time is cooking three squares on a regular basis. Therefore, although they provide kitchenettes in individuals one or two bedroom units, they also provide and emphasize a common commercial kitchen and spacious dining room that promotes camaraderie.
However, in America, retrofitting existing nursing homes that are going out of business is probably not on, as they are invariably built on cheap plots of land next to a highway, and the depression factor of that is huge. Many newer singles' complexes are similarly located and are therefore to be avoided. But some AL/N homes, and some Singles complexes, are integrated relatively well into neighborhoods and could be adaptively re-used. I saw a genuinely attractive nursing home in Nova Scotia, in which units were constructed as staggered one-story cottages, each one having access to a broad sun deck that overlooked a common garden in which residents were encouraged to plant flowers and vegetables for personal and shared use.
Asleep yet? If not, your thoughts?
Comments
Curious as to what 1) was ...
I find myself reflexively thinking, We'll go back to ..." then asking myself if we can actually go back to a world, other than vignettes, with fewer people and greater resources.
I suspect some suburbs and most exurbs will be slums, which is what suburbs were originally, while closer-in burbs will become denser - small cities within the megalopolis.
by Donal (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 1:11pm
As always Belle, a little different issue put forth in a different manner.
d) Assisted Living/Nursing homes and Singles' complexes. Even these ghastly bastions of polarized age segregation have something to teach us, and they should be studied as models for housing groups of people in community. One doesn't have to be near death or, conversely, swinging from chandeliers to live alone; nor does one have to be single to believe in taking up less space.
In this little mining town in the north of nowhere you find three buildings. One is a tower with something over 100 units, most subsidized. Half of the tenants are handicapped but able to live on their own. Neighbors are assigned to regularly visit some of the more handicapped throughout the day.
The next building is rectangular with a higher percentage of handicapped.
The final building is assisted living.
Less than a block away (these all overlook a pond) are 'luxury' apartments. These include nice porches, bigger in square footage.
Outside the perimeter of complexes are the old single family residences.
This was planned 35 years ago. Poor and middle class all together. I have been more and more struck by this after having spent 50 years in the big city/suburbs throughout my life.
In the middle of nowhere, with government help, the stench of slums is absent. Takes one back a hundred years.
Good post. I digress.
by dickday (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 1:31pm
Hey, Donal:
1) was another blog, on job sharing.
When you say: ".... closer-in burbs will become denser - small cities within the megalopolis" you are describing Atlanta, as it has evolved and consolidated from downtown to mid-town to the Perimeter. It's not a pretty picture, overall. Is there something you see that can be done differently and better?
by wwstaebler (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 1:36pm
Dick:
The model you suggest -- luxury, handicapped and assisted living housing in one community -- works.
In the mid 70's, Roosevelt Island (formerly Welfare Island) was redeveloped into a mixed-use housing/retail/business community connected to Manhattan by an overhead tram which crossed the East River close to the 59th Street bridge.
The community, which was designed, in part, by Louis Kahn, purposely combined luxury buildings oriented to Manhattan with medium-priced and handicapped housing oriented to Queens. I think it has been quite successful, over time:
http://www.nyc10044.com/timeln/timeline.html
Thanks for commenting.
by wwstaebler (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 1:51pm
And Dick:
I promised you I would post the Bulwer-Lytton "dark and stormy night" competition today. It's up -- so have at it, and have fun.
by wwstaebler (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 1:55pm
Why is it Marxists never have dreams about what they can build or create, but only how to dispose of that which others have already built and created??
If you want to convert a 'McMansion' or whole tracts of 'McMansions' into a hippie commune(s), I suggest the first thing you need to do is either build or buy yourself a McMansion(s).
It's not healthy having designs on whole tracts of real estate which belong to responsible adults. They tend to rebel when shelter they've provided their families is threatened.
You really need to stop this fantasizing about what you want to do with other people's property after the government steals it for you. I think there's a biblical edict against that kind of thinking.
What you are exhibiting are the roots of mob mentality which is endemic in Marxism. When you commune with others of your thinking here, you quickly begin making plans for the disposal of that which in no way belongs to you, and you have no concern with. Mind your own damn business.
by spriche (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 3:14pm
Mind your own damn business.
That's good advice. Follow it.
by ~flowerchild~ (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 3:42pm
Highly Rec'd, and really glad you posted this, WW. Right now, a lot of people are still worrying over "financial" shifts - but that stuff is brutally complex, and worse, "intangible" in some sense. As the real economy gets squeezed, and people lose jobs & income, their houses & health care, they MAY receive financial assistance from the State. But more important, I suspect, will be the physical assets which they, their families & friends have gathered. Using those assets fully will be key to financial, and familial, survival.
I have absolutely no expertise in HOW this is best done in general. Each case, each building or complex, with its neighbors, access to stores & schools & work, and each family or group, has to be "wired together" to fit. As in any ecology, i guess.
But. The need for that, the options & possibilities, the examples - for people to be aware of those things is critical. Which is why I'm really glad you posted with examples & unusual categories of conversions. If this economic decline continues very long, I suspect we'll see some of the unusual, larger-scale, changes in use that you describe. Some buildings, some areas, will be knocked down as uninhabitable, unusable. And that'll be a good thing. But I've lived & stayed in a lot of turn-of-the-century McMansions & Hotels, which became wonderful apartments & residences. The fact that these big houses nowadays tend to already have plumbing - plus a half-dozen bathrooms - doesn't hurt either. Thanks again.
by quinn esq (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 3:42pm
Not only do your arguments not work as arguments, they don't work as parody.
Get lost. Some of us actively dislike you. The rest of us outright hate you.
by The Old Grouch (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 4:20pm
I could really care less what idiots think. I just don't like the idea of them drawing checks off me for their idiocy!!! How big a 'nut check' you got coming in???!!!!
by spriche (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 4:26pm
Sorry, shite-for-brains, I work for a living. Try climbing the stairs out of your mom's basement and look around in the world at large some time. Oh, and be sure to wipe the Cheetos dust off your face first.
by The Old Grouch (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 4:34pm
Ahhhh,
You're so astute!! You've got me figured out now!!! Sitting here in my underwear in my mother's basement at this PC!!! Waiting for her to call me up for some chicken soup!!!!
I'll bet that job you work at is reading palms, isn't it?? Or those astrology things??? Huh???
by spriche (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 5:09pm
As I remember it there were at one time Boarding Houses where single people or single parents with one child, could rent a room. Everyone shared the baths(s) and would eat in a common area. Also there would be another common area to just sit and/or watch TV or listen to the radio etc.
Very practical.
C
by cmaukonen (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 6:36pm
I am honored, Spriche. So far my opinions have flown under your radar. I must have said something worthwhile to ping on your scope.
by wwstaebler (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 6:51pm
Chicken soup? Leave Bwakfat outta this, ya ninny!
by SleepinJeezus (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 6:57pm
There still are. A disabled friend lived in one. A fully furnished room that had a small fridge and a sink. The baths were shared, and the kitchen was communal. It was a big old edwardian monster of a house that was built as a rooming house, with the rooms upstairs being a bit larger and priced a bit higher. The common room had a fireplace and a few couches.
It was inhabited mostly by the disabled and the elderly, children weren't allowed. They tended to look out for each other. Not a bad place, but it could be depressing hearing the many many hard luck stories that brought people there.
by Bwakfat (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 7:00pm
The downside to decades of prosperity, Cmaukonen, is "privileged" isolation. Nothing beats laughter, or debate with others over a nurturing, homecooked meal. The shared bath -- uhmmm, maybe progress has been made and should be maintained?
by wwstaebler (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 7:09pm
Thanks for posting W. I predict we'll see more 'shared housing' models as well as smaller living spaces in the future. Small co-ops may be de rigueuer by then.It makes too much sense from a resource/energy conservation perspective. I think the viability of those exurbs in the long run will depend largely on available mass transit from there to shopping/work centers. Other than that, the hardest changes in converting the Mcmansion component you covered will be effecting the zoning changes from r-1 to r-?.
by miguelitoh2o (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 7:15pm
Very interesting, and I really appreciate the firm suggestions of ways in which the whole housing industry could possibly be converted from uni-typical tracts and such to more inclusive "neighborhoods." Definitely rec'd!
I was involved with my son-in-law in preparing a business plan in support of a combined housing unit that would incorporate assisted living along with a day care center. The thought was that the elderly could be encouraged to volunteer at the day care as adoptive grandparents. In other cases, people would be encouraged to enroll their children in this day care that was attached to the assisted living center where Grandma and/or Grandpa lived. In this way, the grandparents could be actively involved in their grandchldrens' lives without necessarily having to bear full responsibility as a caregiver during the day.
The numbers worked, and it was a pretty exciting project that fell by the wayside with the collapse of the credit market - yet one more victim of this recession cum depression.
by SleepinJeezus (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 7:18pm
Quinn:
Speaking of unusual categories of conversion -- one of my big lifetime regrets will always be that, after the hurricane, in what may have been my last chance for personal architectural expression, I lost an opportunity to convert a small former lobster processing warehouse on the waterfront in the village of Victoria-by-the-Sea in PEI.
I still dream about it, because it was waterfront, as it was an integral part of a functioning village in which there were people I grew to love, and the project was just quirky enough to promise real pleasure.
In fact, my foray into the Maritimes in 2005/6 was precipitated by identifying it as a surprisingly affordable property for sale, online. I fell head over heels in love with it because:
a) I was enchanted by the village pop-up drawing website: http://www.victoriabythesea.ca; then click on "how to find us;" then click on the gumdrop dot on the PEI map...
and,
b) it offered me the perfect opportunity to adaptively re-use it for: i) living space for me (including a deep indoor pool -- the former lobster tank); and, ii) income-producing rental space that I intended to limit to either a summer farmer's market, or lobster shed stalls for artists.
It was a solid idea, filled with hope and adaptive re-use of my energy as well as the building. Unfortunately, the real estate agent failed to tell me that she was also one of three Vendors, and that the property had not one, but four title conflicts, one of which belonged to the province. So I left my hurricane house and headed north, having transferred my remaining cash, the requisite amount of cash to buy the property outright... only to discover that it was all for naught.
The good news? I rented a house in Victoria for several months waiting for the title issues to cleared, or not cleared, and met some of the best friends I have ever had. And, when nothing happened during that period, I thereafter went to Chester, NS, where I met and fell in love with a province, a village, an obscure family connection, and met people there, and in Halifax, I care about with whom I exchanged emails as recently as today.
So, life was better to me in the areas that count that I envisioned.
But still, how fabulous would the winter have been on the waterfront, in a traditional face to the village, but Modernist glass and steel face to the waterfront warehouse, complete with a heated lobster tank, filled with friends?
Never mind.
by wwstaebler (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 7:27pm
spriche says:
Uh, wwstaebler was talking about buying them:
by moat (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 7:49pm
I think there some big problems converting large lot single family housing into a different function. The way they are laid out makes it very difficult to break the structures up into smaller units. Services in the area are set up for rich people and the zoning for commercial would have to change radically.
If the properties became cheap enough on the market, maybe a developer could demolish them with an eye toward salvaging the material and remodel the whole neighborhood with a different acreage to people ratio.
Full disclosure, I come to the question from a Paolo Soleri perspective.
Oh I almost forgot, thanks for talking about this.
by moat (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 8:16pm
Paolo Soleri, Moat? How you take me back, in an instant, to good days as a design student. Thanks for the link, and for the memories. What is your personal link to Arcosanti and to Arcology?
by wwstaebler (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 9:41pm
Make that "a warehouse with a traditional face to the village, in deference to their renovation guidelines, and a steel and glass facade facing the waterfront...."
by wwstaebler (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 9:48pm
I think one day we'll look back and realize this was the start of something big!
by TheraP (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 10:01pm
Prosperity and suburbia that it brought. Now neighbors aren't neighbors any more and if you have the wrong kind of crabgrass, or anything in your yard that CC&Rs prohibit, you can be asked rather directly, to leave.
C
by cmaukonen (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 11:33pm
A whole lot of attitudes will have to change for something like this to succeed. People are simply not use to be communal like they once were.
I remember a time when you did not need an invite to visit someone and that when peoples children were playing in someone else's yard or house, that parent was the parent in charge. This was not only accepted but expected.
C
by cmaukonen (not verified) on Sun, 02/15/2009 - 11:41pm
"Business plan for combined housing project"
I have been interested in just this kind of project. Are you willing to share details?
Karen
Please reply to
ksslampwork at gmail dot com
by aerocenter (not verified) on Mon, 02/16/2009 - 1:30am
It really does not matter what is written as spriche creates his own text after reading just the first couple of words. It goes with the programming being provided by Fox and Fiends.
by GregorZap (not verified) on Mon, 02/16/2009 - 5:24am
Children raised by villages are usually happier. In this age of one or two kids, we would do well to encourage as much interaction as possible, and not in only some competitive sport. It's been shown that people who grew up with nore siblings are better able to get along with others. It's those who grew up isolated that are intolerant or oblivious to the plights of others.
by GregorZap (not verified) on Mon, 02/16/2009 - 5:29am
Not to mention that the generations past can often share stories of things they experienced that can prevent things from recurring. There are not many people who have heard from "survivors" what living during the Depression was like, or how it was the government that brought the country out of the Depression by putting people to work. That the jobs created were all about developing infrastructure, so the investments in these jobs paid the nation back by building longstanding edifices still in use today. The best example here in Oregon is Timberline Lodge.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timberline_Lodge
Why are there not Democrats exolling all the projects that were undertaken at that time. They are pervasive and have shown themselves to be extremely durable. peopel just need to know what was accomplished by that generation.
by GregorZap (not verified) on Mon, 02/16/2009 - 5:35am
It is my son-in-law and his partners who own the project, which was proposed for construction in Madison, WI. He has since moved to Montana. I will see if he (they) will release the business plan for your benefit. I will then get back to you at the e-mail address provided.
by SleepinJeezus (not verified) on Mon, 02/16/2009 - 7:38am
Well, I wish my link had been more tangible than decades of keen interest. There was a time in my twenties when I tried to get involved with the Arizona project but it didn't work out. If only I could make a resume of things I almost did...
Soleri directly confronts the "geometry" of development like no other but his ideas are in tension with other thinkers I find compelling. Christopher Alexander, for example, comes at the problem of Ugliness from completely different perspective.
by moat (not verified) on Mon, 02/16/2009 - 9:33am
wwstaebler,
I think like this and wonder how to make it happen, first on my own small property.
But my eighty year old father is not ready to leave a modestly sized four bedroom, two bath home with his beloved workshop in the basement.
And my twenty year old son, who travels over an hour each way to get to evening classes in Cambridge, still needs the attentions of invested parents. He'd overwhelm his beloved grandfather who lives much closer to town so we forgo an opportunity for them to be together.
My husband, I, our daughter the cocker spaniel, our cat who is really in charge, and our grey and white spotted pony need to stay together ten miles further outside of town than my father.
What to do?
I look for family compounds that would appeal to all. My siblings and their children have stayed in the area around Boston and I dream of ways to share the care for our extraordinary father and his future great grandchildren. I search for the most clever ways to educate and care for those I love. I'm the idea person.
You have inspired me to look at buildings I hadn't considered. A failed assisted living home with a commercial kitchen and shared dining and living rooms as well as the extra baths might serve the purpose. It might have grounds big enough for our gorgeous girl, recently widowed by the death of a proud and bossy racehorse.
If there were a separate entrance for the private comings and goings of a college student and friends, so much the better.
You may not want to be kindred spirits with me, but I sure as hell feel it for you. And don't give up on that northern part of the world. I have friends who are builders residing here whose families and hearts are there. They are looking for ways to build a small community by the sea. The last one fell through, but there will be a next.
Hope this makes you feel good to be an inspiration to others.
by Boston1775 (not verified) on Mon, 02/16/2009 - 11:24am
Maybe that is all that's there, maybe not. But there is an important element that should be stressed in the call to arms you gave on your blog when you said:
For me, this means to challenge what is to be challenged and refrain from labeling people and delivering insults to them.
Now I have read a lot what this poster has written and have noticed that he (or she) has kept his sword in the sheath, declining to fight when challenged on particular points. Until there is an actual struggle, the intentions and mettle of the person are hidden from view.
I can't even tell if the poster is writing parodies or not.
by moat (not verified) on Mon, 02/16/2009 - 1:48pm
Just saw your comment, Boston, and promise I will get back to you this evening, after work.
by wwstaebler (not verified) on Mon, 02/16/2009 - 3:37pm
Boston:
Thank you for your personal reply, which I yearn for more people on TPM to feel free to enjoy. And thank you, too, for your empathy re: dream conversion projects, etc..
I suspect we are kindred spirits: thinking outside the societally-prescribed matron box, loving our children and our animals... bearing the honor, but also the burden of being the family idea person.
I was particularly struck, btw, by your reference to "our gorgeous girl, recently widowed by the death of a proud and bossy racehorse." As you may have noted in reading through the dark and stormy night thread yesterday (or today, referenced in DickDay's daily Arthurian fractured fairy tale) I am entirely anxious about the prospective fate of the 17+ hand, white gelding, former national champion hunter/jumper I know and love as Everest. He is 20, and was given to the school where I teach three years ago when his owner/eventer, an alum of this school, went off to the American Olympic training program, for which Everest was too old.
Nonetheless, Everest is truly magnificent -- the mayor of the barn whose first instinct when let out is to go from stall to stall to rub necks with his friends. That is because he is unbearably lonely, as he spent most of his career in showbarns, socializing between events. Here, he is isolated, separated from his mare friend of choice, Gemstone, by four stalls (why?) He is not allowed into the common pastures because the fences only have two rails, not three, and to him, they look like easy jumps. The result is that he is in his stall all the time, in fair weather or foul, and they are going to auction him in May... which I know, and you probably know, is the thin edge of the wedge leading, sooner rather than later, to the knacker.
I have spent much of my limited free time in the past few months trying to find a retirement farm for him. The requirements are not stringent -- he only needs to go to a farm where the paddocks have three rails... as most of them do. He is free to a good home, and I will pay the transportation to get him to the right place.
Think about it, please, although our acquaintance is new. Might Everest be the second chance at love for your widow?
You can reach me, personally, at "[email protected]."
by wwstaebler (not verified) on Tue, 02/17/2009 - 12:36am