David Seaton's picture

    We are all Egyptians now

    The Tahrir Square uprising “has nothing to do with left or right,” said Dina Shehata, a researcher at Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies. “It is about young people rebelling against a regime that has stifled all channels for their upward mobility. They want to shape their own destiny, and they want social justice” from a system in which a few people have gotten fantastically rich, in giant villas, and everyone else has stagnated.  Thomas Friedman - NYT

    We have an inequality index that can go head to head with Egypt’s. Of course food’s cheaper here, so no one’s in the streets. Thomas Geoghegan, Chicago labor lawyer - NYT

     


     

     

     

     

     

     

    No matter how sympathetic we are with their struggle, most of us following the events in Egypt probably see it as something very foreign: an exotically attired, dark skinned people, speaking heavily accented English in a far off land, rebelling against the corrupt regime of an aging dictator, something to which we can only identify with by an intensely imaginative use of our powers of empathy, seeing few similarities with our own lives and condition. Wrong. Thomas Friedman, of all people, brought it all closer to home for me.

    I am no a fan of Friedman's, but the insight he gave me today was worth reading through a ton of his previous twaddle: "young people rebelling against a regime that has stifled all channels for their upward mobility" and "a system in which a few people have gotten fantastically rich, in giant villas, and everyone else has stagnated", sounded disturbingly familiar to me. It reminded me of many developed countries, but especially the USA. Reading further in the same online edition of the New York Times, I came upon the next quote by a Chicago labor lawyer, Thomas Geoghegan, "We have an inequality index that can go head to head with Egypt’s. Of course food’s cheaper here, so no one’s in the streets." Suddenly Cairo seemed much closer to home.

    There is one of those wonderful Spanish sayings which goes, "when you see your neighbor's beard on fire, put your whiskers to soak". The domestic peace of the the "world's greatest democracy" could be hanging on the price of America's food and gasoline.    I was also struck by another common factor, the similar declining value of a university education:  all these revolts began when a Tunisian university graduate, unable to find work in any profession in consonance with his education and forced to earn his living peddling vegetables from an illegal pushcart, set himself on fire in protest.  His suicide struck a chord in the entire Arab world and maybe, deep down, farther afield as well.

    In a globalized economy, everyone is exposed to the same general forces.  We are ruled by the "butterfly effect" and the butterflies are flapping their little hearts out all over the world today. Some countries and some people are much more vulnerable than others and that makes them more immediately and visibly victims to the forces that are also bending millions of people's lives more subtly and more gradually out of shape in more powerful, richer and more dynamic economies.

    With every day that passes it seems clearer to me that growing social and economic inequality is the most dangerous wild card in the world's deck and that within a decade, or perhaps much less, what is happening in Egypt today will be seen as more than the beginning of a revolution in the Arab world, or in dictatorships, but a harbinger of even wider disturbances in places you might least suspect.

    Cross Posted from: http://seaton-newslinks.blogspot.com

    Comments

    Good points, David. Informative selection of graphs (Uneven Prosperity is the chillingest). And one great image: "The butterflies are flapping their little hearts out all over the world today." Fly, colorful little insect, fly.


    Although the trends in the US and elsewhere are not positive, one thing to temper what we are seeing in Egypt and the possibility of such in the US is that average income in Egypt is around $1,800 while in the US it is around $47,000.  So even if both of those in the bottom 90% are see incomes stagnate, the overall quality of life for the two is vastly different when looked at in comparison. 


    While I have no problem with your general point, you have this part very wrong:

    all these revolts began when a Tunisian university graduate, unable to find work in any profession in consonance with his education and forced to earn his living peddling vegetables from an illegal pushcart, set himself on fire in protest.  His suicide struck a chord in the entire Arab world and maybe, deep down, farther afield as well.

    It's not at all what happened.

    And understanding what happened in Tunisia is key to understanding its influence on Egypt.

    It's very key to get right what Mohamed Bouazizi's situation was, and what he was responding to, as it explains why he became a hero to so many, it's why so many found him very inspiriing.

    And you're really missing a lot by not understanding it.

    He wasn't a college graduate mad about not being able to get proper employment.

    He was s simple average guy in his poor town fed up with horrible humiliating treament by the powers that be. It was about police and government repression in trying to earn a living at being a fruit seller. He wasn't fed up that he was a fruit seller, he was constantly hassled and humiliated at trying to earn a living selling fruit.

    The New York Times sums up his background here:

    He was not a college graduate, as earlier reports had said. He had been a vendor since he was a teenager, and had worked odd jobs since he was 10, his relatives said. His father, a construction worker in Libya, died of a heart attack when he was 3, said his mother, Mannoubia Bouazizi. She later married Mohamed’s uncle.

    Mr. Bouazizi made it to high school, but it was unclear whether he graduated: a cousin said he devoured literature and especially poetry, but his mother said he preferred math. He had a girlfriend, but they had broken up recently. He was a soccer fan and spent much of his spare time at the Fustat cafe downtown, engaged in the local diversions of smoking and playing cards.

    Despite his struggles to work, he was easygoing and liked to laugh. His relatives saw no hint of depression, and though they said Mr. Bouazizi refused to pay bribes, they could not recall any time where he had made such an unyielding stand.

    The whole article does a fairly decent job of describing the Bouazizi story.

    His simple average poor guyness is part of the inspiration--that even without an education, you don't have to take it, that not only the elite should expect freedom from fear of the government.

    HOWEVER, to truly get it, you have to watch at minimum a couple of the the videos posted as a group

    HERE.by The Lede.

    Especially the first one. That's the one that went viral not just across Tunisia but the Arab world, where only a few hours after he torched himself in front of a government building, his relatives complaints start an incredible spontaneous demonstration that will bring tears to the eyes of anyone with a soul.

    And the last one, where the British Channel 4 goes to Sidi Bouzid to interview his mother, the cousin that took the video, and townspeople that consider him a hero. They much more movingly confirm the Times article summary, of what this was all about.

    The narrator says "he left school early, because his widowed mother couldn't afford to keep him there."

    His mother explains how much he was humiliated by the police  that "because of the oppression and the pressure, he set himself alight" and how proud she is that he stood up to it and inspired others, something along the lines that he was a gift from god to all the suffering oppressed simple people.

    On the street, one guy says "we love him because he was a poor guy, a simple guy, yes, and now he is a hero." And a woman, there's almost a giddiness in her voice with the freedom to be able to speak about it, says Mr. Bouazizi! He was a hero ...to me....Mr. Bouazizi was a symbol...I thank him because he freed me of my fear... and has trouble finding the next words. The reporter asks Fear of what? She answers: Fear of oppression! Fear of the government!

    You have to undestand how much it was about government oppression and humiliation by the government of the average guy than it was about inequality and lack of opporitunity, in order to understand how it has influenced Egyptians. Mad as hell about government oppression and not going to take it anymore. Surely, if you're an educated young man and have a lousy job or no job, you're humiliated, too. But this was about something different than not having that opportunity, it was about not being permitted to even try to earn a living as a simple peddler, being punished for trying, being oppressed and humiliated and constantly fearful.

    If you don't understand this, you don't understand why the call for Mubarak to leave is the number one unfiier in Egypt, it is the reason so many people are out on the streets. It's not that they expecting to have their financial or career situations to improve, they just want the oppression to stop. It really is about "freedom." David, freedom from fear of the government, not about economic inequality. That's the Tunisia story, whether you like it or not. And does appear to be a lof ot the Egypt story, too. I don't think Egyptians are expecting an economic miracle or a class miracle, they just want the oppression to go away. They think now, after the Tunisian example, that they can do that.


    And your title, if it is trying to play off of “We are All Khaled Said” is incorrect, too. Because people in western societies suffering from poor economic conditions, or even those in poor neighborhoods that suffer  from police abuse, do not have to worry about getting beaten to death by police simply because of refusing to give them money.

    Edit to add: you are also making incorrect equivalence according to this guy, from Christiane Amanopur's Jan. 31 report:

    There were many things people wanted to tell me on Tahrir Square today. An ANC chief was among them, and said, "We want what you have. We want our freedom. We want to be able to say what we want, gather where we want and freely elect our leaders."

    He wants what he thinks we already have, and it doesn't have to do with income equality or economic opportunity.


    He wants what he thinks we already have, and it doesn't have to do with income equality or economic opportunity.

    People in poor countries think that all Americans are rich... they want what they think or imagine we have. They get their information from Hollywood.

    "Freedom" is a very abstract concept as anyone who, (comme on dit?), is "having trouble putting food on his family" can tell you.

    Corruption, inequality, lack of jobs, studying to no avail, a stagnant economy, are very concrete things. That is what makes revolutions.

    The word "Freedom", as it drops out of the American mouth, is in many ways an aristocratic concept, that, like Jefferson's personal freedom and the free time to write the Declaration of Independence, often depends on the work of slaves.

    The problems that the Egyptians are suffering are the same ones that millions on millions of people all over the world are suffering right now, including millions of Americans.

    Please tell me about the freedom of the estimated 19M American children who go to bed hungry every night.


    Oh, so you think if the Palestinians were given good jobs and good food, they wouldn't mind not having control of their own destiny and wouldn't mind being subject to rough, instrusive policing and segregation and restriction of movement that they didn't authorize with a vote? Good to know!

    You know, Mubarak just gave 6 million state workers a really nice pay raise--you and he are thinking alike. If you're right, it should be doing him some good any minute now....

    Watch the Tunisian videos, David. It had nothing to do with American-influenced concepts of freedom. You're the one that's starting to sound racist, suggesting that all those brown people protesting (haven't found a one that looks like they're starving, by the way) are just plain dumb.


    Oh, so you think if the Palestinians were given good jobs and good food, they wouldn't mind not having control of their own destiny and wouldn't mind being subject to rough, intrusive policing and segregation and restriction of movement that they didn't authorize with a vote?

    Well, the default Israeli position on the welfare of Palestinians was expressed by Moshe Dayan as, "let them live like dogs and if they don't like that they can leave", so we'll never know if your suggestion would be helpful.

    Mubarak just gave 6 million state workers a really nice pay raise--you and he are thinking alike. If you're right, it should be doing him some good any minute now....

    In this context that is simply seen as a sign of weakness on Mubarak's part (which it is).

    (...) all those brown people protesting (haven't found a one that looks like they're starving, by the way) are just plain dumb.

    I don't know where you get that Art, it is precisely the opposite, like most revolutions the Egyptian one is being led by overqualified and underemployed middle class intellectuals in danger of proletarization. That is the classic mix. That the government cannot turn the "great unwashed" against them as "pointy headed elitists" is because the cost of bread is going up. Study the French Revolution and you'll see the same mix: dissatisfied middle classes and starving sans culotte. That is critical mass. Separated they can be defeated, together the revolt becomes a revolution.


    I don't know where you get that Art

    Right here:

    People in poor countries think that all Americans are rich... they want what they think or imagine we have. They get their information from Hollywood.by David Seaton

    They're stupid fools falling for Hollywood crap.  And you just make it worse with this new comment, talk about elitism. 

    Funny thing is that things seem to have reached critical mass without your advice about history and revolution so far.

    Do you ever approach news without first trying to fit it into a bigger narrative that happens to be one of your hobby horses? Without trying to prove that the facts must not be exactly as presented, but that there must be some mistake or someone must be hiding something, or lying, or fooled, so that they fit into your narrative? Like just staying open minded and just trying to figure out what's going on from the evidence?


    They are not stupid fools, they know exactly what they don't want... what exactly they want is more nebulous because no people have ever actually been free (whatever that is) anywhere before. As to Hollywood, the closer you are to it the more intoxicating it is. Americans are much more stupefied by Hollywood than the Egyptians are.


    Art imitating life imitating art. The surreal American landscape on mushrooms.


    I wrote this a week ago. I think it might be very relevant in the next 24/48 hours:

    This is the moment that a young officer who refuses to fire on the people and leads his soldiers to overthrow the tyrant can in an instant become a hero, sung in song and story for generations, with avenues named after him, or be shot down like a dog and his widow and orphans starve without a pension... or lose his nerve and spend the rest of his life regretting it. Knowing who that young officer might be, even before he knows it himself, is what military intelligence in a "security state" specializes in.

    Military intelligence maven Suleiman is going to try and break the revolt, whether he can or not depends on the young officers, the ones who actually command the conscript soldiers.


    Just listened to Mubarak's speech. Like I said before, totally tone-deaf. OK, David, it's time for your scenario. The question is: At precisely which level does the military split? Because either the army gets behind the revolution, or they have to take the Tienanmen route. And I don't think the military is willing to do that. The regime has already begun to lose the state-owned media, and this speech will only intensify nationwide strikes and demands for Mubarak (and, I think, Suleiman) to go.

    Breaking point coming fast. 


    Suleiman's on TV now, showing himself to be equally tone-deaf. On CNN, Fareed Zakaria just called Mubarak's speech "delusional." Yup.


    I think tomorrow will be an unforgettable day... I hope the blood is minimal.


    Maybe if Mubarek puts more giant posters of himself around the country the people will revere his eminence and his heroism, and recall the 'greatest moment in his life' planting the Egyptian flag in the Sinai 30 years ago. Are all Arab leaders such self-loving inflated fools, or does $70 billion in the bank and 30 years in power do that to anyone, heck, look what our own pompous buffoon and sociopath George W. did to the nation, and the world, in just his first 4.


    From the BBC:

    1. 2156: Robert Danin from the Council of Foreign Relations in Washington tells the BBC World Service: "It seems to me that behind the scenes there must be some sort of power play taking place between the military and the president. It's really quite bizarre that the president would stand up, especially on a Thursday night, and essentially antagonise the crowd on the eve of a Friday, traditionally the most volatile day for protests in the Arab world. So tomorrow's going to be quite a day I expect."

    Some CNN talking heads are speculating that the regime is actually hoping to provoke violent clashes tomorrow, as a pretext for ordering a long-delayed military crackdown. Given how delusional Mubarak and Suleiman have shown themselves to be, it's actually plausible that is their plan.


    They were interviewing Kristof on The Takeaway this morning, and he sounded puzzled, almost disappointed, that there had not been violence so far.


    You can go on agreeing with Thomas Friedman's the earth is flat blather if you like and quoting sclerotic theories about the French Revolution that have been "revisionized" umpteen times over over the past half century.

    You don't have to call it freedom if you wish, call it whatever you like.

    But the revolution in Egypt, it's about the police state (just like with Bouazizi in Tunisia.)

    Here again, evidence: It's not about the income inequality thing (as of yet, of course, it may be later), nor the "I'm educated but I can't get a decent job" thing.

    It's just like the protesters keep saying, which you dismiss and dis as not knowing what they mean or want,

    even among the working class,

    it's about the police state, the police state they want gone (you know, those words you don't think they don't understand, freedom from fear.):

    ....First, the passion of workers that began this uprising does not stem from their marginalisation and poverty; rather, it stems from their centrality to new development processes and dynamics. In the very recent past, Egypt has reemerged as a manufacturing country, although under the most stressful and dynamic of conditions. Egypt's workers are mobilised because new factories are being built in the context of a flurry of contentious global investment. Several Russian free-trade zones and manufacturing settlements have opened up, and China has invested in all parts of the Egyptian economy.

    Brazil, Turkey, the Central Asian Republics and the Gulf Emirates are diversifying their investments. They are moving out of the oil sector and real estate and into manufacturing, piece-goods, informatics, infrastructure etc. Factories all over Egypt have been dusted off and reopened, or new ones built. And all those shopping malls, gated cities, highways and resorts have to be built and staffed by someone. In the Gulf, developers use Bangladeshi, Philippine and other expatriate labour. But Egypt usually uses its own workers. And many of the workers in Egypt's revived textile industries and piece-work shops are women.

    If you stroll up the staircases into the large working-class apartment buildings in the margins of Cairo or the cement-block constructions of the villages, you’ll see workshops full of women, making purses and shoes - and putting together toys and computer circuitboards for sale in Europe, the Middle East and the Gulf. These shop workers joined with factory workers to found the April 6 movement in 2008. They were the ones who began the organisation and mobilisation process that led to this uprising in 2011, whose eruption was triggered by Asmaa Mahfouz circulating a passionate YouTube video and tens of thousands of leaflets by hand in slum areas of Cairo on January 24, 2011. Ms Mahfouz, a political organiser with an MBA from Cairo University, called people to protest the next day. And the rest is history.

    The economic gender and class landscape of Egypt’s micro-businesses has been politicised and mobilised in very dynamic ways, again with important gender and sexual dimensions. Since the early 1990s, Egypt has cut back welfare and social services to working-class and lower-middle-class Egyptians. In place of food subsidies and jobs they have offered debt. Micro-credit loans were given, with the IMF and World Bank's enthusiastic blessing, to stimulate entrepreneurship and self-reliance. These loans were often specifically targeted toward women and youth.

    Since economically disadvantaged applicants have no collateral to guarantee these loans, payback is enforced by criminal law rather than civil law. This means that your body is your collateral. The police extract pain and humiliation if you do not pay your bill. Thus the micro-enterprise system has become a massive set of police rackets and "loan shark" operations. Police sexualised brutalisation of youth and women became central to the "regulation" of the massive small-business economy.

    In this context, the micro-business economy is a tough place to operate - but it does shape women and youth into tough survivors who see themselves as an organised force opposed to the police state. No one waxes on about the blessings of the market's invisible hand. Thus the economic interests of this mass class of micro-entrepreneurs are the basis for the huge and passionate anti-police brutality movement. It is no coincidence that the movement became a national force two years ago with the brutal police murder of a youth, Khalid Said, who was typing away in a small internet cafe that he partially owned. Police demanded ID and a bribe from him; he refused - and the police beat him to death, crushing his skull to pieces while the whole community watched in horror.

    Police demanding bribes, harassing micro-businesses - and beating those who refuse to submit - became standard practise in Egypt. Internet cafes, small workshops, call-centres, video-game cafes, microbuses, washing/ironing shops and small gyms constitute the landscape of micro-enterprises that are the jobs base and social world of Egypt's lower middle classes. The so-called "Facebook revolution" is not about people mobilising in virtual space; it is about Egyptian internet cafes and the youth and women they represent, in real social spaces and communities, utilising the cyberspace bases they have built and developed to serve their revolt.....

    excerpt from:

    Why Egypt's progressives win
    Suleiman considers the business fraternity friendly, but it is the nation's women and youth who are driving the unrest.

    Paul Amar, Al-Jazeera Opinion, 10 Feb 2011 12:30 GMT

    (Amar is author of Cairo Cosmopolitan; The New Racial Missions of Policing; Global South to the Rescue; and the forthcoming Security Archipelago: Human-Security States, Sexuality Politics and the End of Neoliberalism)

    To claim that it's the same suffering or the same fight as the poor of the U.S. or the unemployed over educated youth of Italy or Spain or whatever is to dishonor their specific fight.

    And  that's why it really sort of bugs me to see you twist their fight to your ideological agenda on that topic.

    Because it's an amazing thing what Bouazizi followers did in Tunisia standing up to a police state, and an amazing thing that the Egyptians are doing now. It's something that very few have tried all through history. And of those who did, many were crushed like worthless insects.

    That's not something to minimize to the benefit of some other agenda.


    Humanity is one, the agenda is one... bread and justice.

    In a globalized economy all societies are facing the same pressures and challenges. Some of them are stronger and better able to resist than others and the discontent simmers. In other, more vulnerable populations it explodes. There are lessons in Egypt for everyone... He who hath ears etc.


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