MURDER, POLITICS, AND THE END OF THE JAZZ AGE
by Michael Wolraich
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MURDER, POLITICS, AND THE END OF THE JAZZ AGE by Michael Wolraich Order today at Barnes & Noble / Amazon / Books-A-Million / Bookshop |
As a White House special adviser on health policy, Ezekiel Emanuel had a ringside seat for the sometimes tortured process that produced the Affordable Care Act. He explains why it was so difficult to pull the law together.
Comments
Blows Jolly Roger's recent thread out of the water, mho. Thank you, Emma.
by artappraiser on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 4:07pm
Fascinating excerpt showing that the real politics of it all were/are very complex and not the simple game presented for amateur political operatives on the internet:
by artappraiser on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 4:13pm
This is a good article, however, I think his last sentence mischaracterizes what he described so well.
"But it was heartening to learn that sometimes, sound policy can trump politics when politicians show leadership."
Policy and politics went hand in hand, as he shows, and each curtailed or limited the other.
by Anonymous PS (not verified) on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 4:30pm
So in effect, you disagree with his conclusion about what he learned at the White House.
by artappraiser on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 5:31pm
I think "trump" is the wrong word. It's clear from the way he describes the back and forth on the issues he covers that there were compromises at every turn. Policy didn't trump politics; they each impinged on the other.
Yes, good policy got made, but not entirely what he, Zeke, wanted or what he might have considered "good policy" or the "right" policy. And what delimited these policy choices were the politics.
But in a democracy of any kind, politics necessarily enters into it because "everyone" gets a say (or at least big groups of people who can deliver votes) and not everyone agrees on the right way to go. And everyone, perhaps naturally, is looking out for himself, primarily.
by Peter Schwartz on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 8:30am
Something that is very interesting to me here is knowing about how badly the White House economic team wanted to start switching Medicare over to a bundled payment system from fee-for-service.
I just knew from my reading of years that this had to happen to attack health care being such a high percentage of GDP with miserable outcome numbers compared to the rest of the world.
But what that also means is less choice for users, including less choice for users who can look up on the internet now what other treatments there might be for their problem.
And I saw lots of people on the left crying for a "Medicare for all" option, thinking that was the solution, because few complain about Medicare, it would be a wildly popular and that would work out well politically. Thinking that our health care problems were all about health insurance company profits and not at the heart about Medicare's entire setup that provided the basic underlying system followed by all, profit and non-profit. And I kept thinking: you're not going to like the Medicare those people are going to get, it isn't staying the way it is now, it can't. Struck me that those thinking it would be a successful political move because people like the choices of provider that they get now with Medicare just had it wrong. I knew it wasn't going to stay that way, that the government was very soon going to start managing Medicare much more stringently, like insurance cos. currently do, and the "death panel" style complaints and arguments against reform would continue even with "Medicare for all" option. That maybe some on the left would even be joining in, arguing that it's time to go back to letting people have whatever they want from the medical industrial complex, no matter how bad it might be for them or health care percentage of GDP.
by artappraiser on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 6:13pm
Before I get a chance to deconstruct all your points, I want to come down firmly in favor of "death panels" (provided they really let me get my Kervorkian Kocktail)
Holding some poor bastard hostage for the last painful days to end naturally is no fuckin' favor.
by jollyroger on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 6:42pm
provided they really let me get my Kervorkian Kocktail
Oy, you're going to have to do a lot of politickin to get the Catholic providers et. al. out of the equation first....they are still flipping out over being required to have something to do with birth control
by artappraiser on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 6:53pm
yeah, we know where that attitude gets you
by jollyroger on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 6:55pm
But would you really look forward to seeing the Terry Schiavo show dejas vus allover again?
Came to mind thinking of that: at the time, Tom DeLay seemed teh face of evil incarnate, there could be no worse. Lookit some of those we have now in the House replacing him.....compare and contrast, Dante's levels of hell style....
by artappraiser on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 7:27pm
Jolly, off topic meta: notice you don't know how to re-size photos. Here's the easy way.
Hit edit on the comment or post with the photo. Then (this also works in MS Word and many other apps):
1) click on photo
2) a border appears around photo with little boxes at corners and centers
3) place cursor on one of the corner boxes until you see a two-way arrow appear
4) using left click on that arrow, drag the arrow inward to make the photo smaller, or outward to make the photo larger
Note: you have to use the corners for the ratio of height to width to stay the same.
by artappraiser on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 10:40pm
That was practically lifesize--thanks.
by jollyroger on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 11:47pm
I was one of those people who preferred the "Medicare for all" camel's nose to the one Ezekiel Emanuel was proposing as early as June 2005 on Kevin Drum's blog at The Washington Monthly. A shame the comments are not still available. It was a very heated discussion.
I took the WSJ essay to be Zeke's attempt to distance himself from ACA by claiming what we got was "not his plan and not his fault" because of how politics played out but I seem to remember a lot of people in the missing comments predicted how the politics would go.
Note Drum's questions in the last paragraph of his post:
Commenters were overwhelming in favor of a fight, not necessarily for getting rid of insurance companies but certainly for a basic public option. Most knew and wanted Medicare to change.
I was (am?) still recovering from three intense years in my parents' healthcare hell that was financed by both Medicare and an excellent Medicare supplement; and, I am convinced both died much sooner than they would have otherwise from over-treatment as a result. Despite that I still think the only way health care is going to improve is to settle the payer issue and that the best way to do that is to have a benchmark public option that private insurers have to compete against.
by EmmaZahn on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 4:04am
However, he seems to wrap up his article by saying, all in all, he's pleased with the result. He thinks they made good progress.
My question to Kevin Drum would be: What are you going to do with all those out-of-work insurance workers? Not the CEOs, who have their bags stuffed with cash, but all those clerks and middle level folks who crank out the work all day long.
One of the disconnects for me between "insurance" and "health care" is that insurance, as a concept, is there to protect you financially in case something unusual and bad happens to you, e.g., you get into a car accident.
It really isn't suited to be a method of payment for a service you've decided you want to buy. For example, having a baby, which is mostly a choice, or should be. But health care has gotten so expensive that no one except the wealthy can afford to "self insure." Which just means paying for your health care out of pocket.
Some people blame the rise in costs on Medicare and on insurance in which the consumer is no longer aware of, nor responsible for, the costs of what he's receiving. There may be some truth to this, but I think it's more that Medicare and insurance have accommodated the rise in costs. As we've "gotten fatter," insurance has enabled us to "let out our pants."
I think rising costs are, fundamentally, more about expensive technological and pharmacological advances and peoples' drive to live longer and healthier lives. No one's going to shop around for any of the big, life-threatening, and super costly treatments.
by Peter Schwartz on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 8:46am
What to do with all those clerks and middle level folks who crank out work all day long? Depends on what type of work they are doing. Likely resolving disputes and reconciling accounts. But there will always be disputes to resolve and accounts to reconcile even with a public option.
Yes, there is a disconnect between insurance and health care that has been masked by the present system. And there is also a disconnect between real and nominal wages that has been masked the usually unseen employer-paid portion of health insurance premiums. Employers see their payroll costs going up, up, up while employees see their wages stagnating.
Another disconnect: what is the difference between a tax and an insurance premium to an individual's pocketbook? As the ultimate reinsurer, why are they not thought to be entitled to a portion of the premiums? As the ultimate payer, either directly or indirectly, of medical services for the uninsured, why are they thought not to be entitled to say how much they will pay or how many doctors, nurses, etc. should be trained or to even build their own facilities and install their own equipment?
The whole system is out of whack. It needs a complete do-over -- not all at once, too disruptive -- but a definite end goal and game plan would be helpful. In the meantime we will just have to suffer through a few bad fixes until someone comes up with those.
by EmmaZahn on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 7:52pm
Right away when I saw Peter ask that old question, I thought: well, what did Hillycare plan to do with them? It's not like the employment situation was such great shakes at the time. And as I noted on Jolly's thread, the general priorities were: the economy stupid #1, don't forget health care after that. To tell the truth, I have no idea. I think it was something along the lines of an elaborate phase in and phase out process?
I admit I never got too deep in those weeds because I had little experience with actual health care yet at the time, no skin in the game. I do remember a significant part of the non-insurance business community was not worried about those effects, wanting reform to happen, to get the employee insurance monkey off their backs. (I did understand what was going on with HMO's and with pre-existing conditions and raising rates exorbitantly when people/groups had too many claims, and was fired up about it. And I did know that what Harry and Louise were saying, that gummint control would mean less choice, was a lie, that it was going to be the other way around. Unfortunately, very soon after I had much more skin in that game (self-employed with a major health crisis with a difficult diagnosis and a health plan with premiums escalating in leaps and bounds by the quarter.)
by artappraiser on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 8:25pm
Here's wikipedia's entry on Hillarycare, anyone wants a refresher. This summary line: It proposed the establishment of corporate "regional alliances" of health providers to be subject to a fee-for-service schedule.suggests to me a situation starting out like regulated utilities, where few would have lost jobs right away. And there's the fee-for-service thing which makes Harry & Louise out to be liars. But I don't know for sure and I'm not that interested in reading up on it. I'm more interested in spending my time delving more into the reality of what we have now and how it's going to change our system, whether intended change or not. (I notice wikipedia requesting someone do expansion, so there are others out there who feel like me and don't want to do homework on it! )
by artappraiser on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 8:36pm
But isn't a good bit of the savings supposed to come from consolidating functions? Sort of like a mega merger where duplicate functions are eliminated and people let go.
Not sure I understand the point you're making in the third paragraph...tax v premium.
by Peter Schwartz on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 8:30pm
What if there were a public option, a government-sponsored single-payer plan. What would you call the payment you were required to pay to participate? a tax or a premium? You can bet that Grover and friends would demagogue it as a tax possibly even a tax increase since the employer-paid portion in the present system is obscured. But in the end, the money comes out of your pocket no matter what you call it.
Oh, and whether by consolidation or automation, shrinking the role of labor will shrink the economy, as observed by someone else over half a century ago:
No income = no tax and/or no premiums.
by EmmaZahn on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 9:18pm
I've always assumed that the payment would be sort of an add-on to your FICA. What do they call that? Mostly "a deduction," yes?
As I recall, your employer pays half of your FICA and you pay the other half. As a self-employed person, I pay both halves.
But yes, Grover et al would demagogue it as a tax.
That little exchange is what we're experiencing now in spades.
by Peter Schwartz on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 9:29pm
The actual Emmanuel/Fuchs proposal article (to which the Drum post refers) is most interesting in regard to his current WSJ piece. They were for closing Medicare down, starting with no longer taking in any new enrollees, because Medicare is shaping up to be a tidal wave of red ink. A lot of other stuff really does have the same concepts as Obamacare, though, especially if you replace "vouchers" with "subsidies."
Re: parents' healthcare hell. Had my own along those lines, and FWIW I don't think it's possible for the survivors to ever recover. Don't want to give so many details as to ID me to family given my user name helps ID. But suffice it to say we're talking a major ICU stay saving life (via significant physical handicapping) followed by long difficult rehab followed several other crises, including ICU, over more than a decade, all treatments did extend life of still significant quality, though with handicaps. The word miracle was even used. But then deterioration of many organs from all the treatments over a decade, then before death: more than 3 mos. in ICU of life/death seesaw hell, followed by 1 mo. in LTAC of keeping alive, the latter owing to the wishes of the one parent waiting for a miracle to happen again, the other not able to speak for self. Sounds like you were luckier with the supplemental policy,we went through some real hell right at the end with them, at the worst time imaginable; at the time, I thought the healthy parent might end up in psychiatric care over that.
I really give much more weight to the opinions of people who have gone through what we have. (There are plenty in our club, it's like every day I hear of a new member.) People who haven't experienced the complex really don't get it. I respect the opinions of those who have more than the opinions of most policy wonks. And I suspect the best policy wonks have experienced it.
by artappraiser on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 5:19pm
You're right. There are ways that will I ever fully recover from the experience. And no way would I have survived ten years at all. My mother who was kind of borderline to begin with was prescribed very high doses of Prednisone. The recurring episodes of 'roid rage were devastating for the whole family's relationships.
Back to topic: Ever wonder who benefits from that tidal wave of red ink? Who exactly are we borrowing from. Sure some people point to China or the TBTF banks and they are right but a significant portion of it is held by insurance companies. It is their preferred investment for its safety and liquidity even though the yield is less than they could get elsewhere.
Now think about the premiums they will receive from ACA subsidies. They will be lending those back to us, at least short-term, for which we pay them interest.
Nice work if you can get it, eh?
by EmmaZahn on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 9:19pm
Ever wonder who benefits from that tidal wave of red ink?
I think of such things when you point them out. Otherwise, I might not. That's one of the main reasons why I like following what you have to say!
by artappraiser on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 9:30pm
Why does "bundling" entail "less choice"?
by Peter Schwartz on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 8:33am
If you can't see how this means less choice than fee-for-service Medicare offers now, I can't help; he explained it as well as I've seen anyone do it:
A la carte IS more choice, that's what it is, you can have anything on the menu, as many courses as you want and whichever ones you want; prix fixe means you get only three courses and they are items the restaurant has pre-selected, you cannot even substitute.
It's like this-
Peter Schwartz to doctor: I read about this rehab clinic that offers home visits, gives you more time with the therapists and has better outcomes than this hospital, could we work with it instead?
Doctor's answer on bundled payments:
This is the only rehab clinic available to you, Mr. Schwartz. If you have the surgery with us, it is the only one you can use.
Doctor's answer on current Medicare fee-for-service:
Sure, you can go there for rehab instead, that's an excellent clinic, I can work with them. They're more expensive, but I know they take Medicare and they're worth the higher co-pay it'll cost you.
by artappraiser on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 2:05pm
Yes, but prix fixe can entail lots of choices for one price.
Appetizer: This, this, or this.
Main course: This, this, or this.
In short, your bundle can include as many choices as the bundler wants to include.
This is point one.
Point two is, insurance already limits our choices, so it's not as though we can choose from anything on "the menu"...the menu being the complete universe of providers. And if we go off the reservation, the cost goes way up.
And even with bundling, you can choose different bundlers. You might like this one and not that. Or, worst case, I'm sure, you can simply choose to pay any doctor you want if you have the money. This is what people often do with their HSA money.
Point three is, if we buy a la carte then we become the overseer of our own treatment, which is fine, but it also means that we have to arrange for all the disparate members of our a la carte team to know what all the others are doing. Each member is screwing in his own bolt on the assembly line (to switch metaphors) and does his little job, and doesn't necessarily know or care what anyone else is doing. You have to care, which you do, but you don't necessarily have a background in medicine to know that your eucalyptus supplements interact with your statin drugs. Lots of opportunity for slips between the lip and the cup, especially as everyone is racing to fit in as many fee for treatments as he can.
Point three doesn't exactly speak to choice, except insofar as choice is supposed to mean that you end up with better care. But if you're your own general contractor (to switch again) you may end up paying more, or overpaying for more, and getting a worse product in the end. Better to have a team where everyone's on the same page; everyone's talking to each other; and everyone is focused on one goal: your health, and isn't worried about fitting in X number of treatments every day.
Point four is, bundling should be bundled with a commitment to evidence-based medicine (also part of ACA) in which your treatments have been proven to be the best. I was fairly shocked to learn a few years back that many medical treatments are not based on science. But to make evidence-based medicine work, you need a team where everyone is conferring and pulling in the same direction.
So, to be more accurate, I probably should have expanded on the meaning of choice in my question, which doesn't have a lot of meaning unless it leads to better care. Or, to put it another way: Who cares if you have more things to choose from on the menu if they aren't as good as the items bundled under the prix fixe menu? And if the whole process of delivering "the meal" isn't as good? The best "choice" and the "cheapest" treatment is the one that heals you for real.
by Peter Schwartz on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 2:12pm
I think the main point is you were right about the definition of Prix Fixe - that it can be a 4-course meal with multiple choices for each course.
Whether bundling this way saves us money is questionable - for those with big appetites it might, or it might get people to take a higher profit margin soup or salad vs. sticking with the entree and good ol' tap water. Whether this relates to the health care formulae, dunno.
by PeraclesPlease on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 2:24pm
Point two is, insurance already limits our choices
You're debating with some straw man here, Peter, and I've got to say that's somewhat irritating.
The point: Current Medicare, if you take it straight fee-for-service, without limitations imposed by supplementals, does not limit your choices. You can go to any provider that will accept Medicare. As much as you want. As many as you want. As many times as you want. Period. End of story.
Yes he was talking about changing Medicare fee-for-service to be more like other insurance. That's what I was saying too!
Exactly my point: I think many people advocating for a Medicare for all option were unaware that this is the plan, that it's not going to be fee-for-service forever. That pretty soon it's going to be like the other insurance they hated so much when they were yelling about for-profit insurance companies trying to save money by bundling, etc. That soon Medicare will become much more like other insurance options.
This is the main reason for the "hands off my Medicare!" chant from many elder activists. They don't want it changed, they want the choices of fee-for-service to stay. Many lived most of their lives using fee-for-service insurance, before HMO's and managed care and bundling were invented.
Yes, of course, fee-for-service is also the main reason for growth of the medical industrial complex. Many market directly to seniors on Medicare-fee-for-service. Seniors can get an electric scooter chair paid for by Medicare instead of the walker that most doctors would say would be far better for them. They can get the scooter chair because they are the ones who decide what they need, not some nurse at an insurance company. They can also go to 12 primary care doctors if they want and get lots of conflicting meds that they saw advertised on TV and then get all those meds and take all those meds and then the 13th doctor they see, not knowing about those meds, thinks they have Alzheimers. They have complete freedom to choose their own treatments..and Medicare will pay 80%.
This is why the powers-that-be want it to be history.
And this freedom for the user to choose their treatments is the main reason many who like Medicare like it.
by artappraiser on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 2:56pm
Here's a example of a left-sider that likes fee-for-service, Peter. Someone like Michael Maiello doesn't see why if he can't have his single payer insurance with a nationwide network of providers, he can't at least still have fee-for-service freedom like many retired folks do now.
I have a suspicion if you asked him how we should pay for that, he would say the richest should pay higher taxes to pay for it. I also have a suspicion he's not stupid about single payer systems and knows that single payer would include long waiting lists for the best providers and alternative treatments and that he would be willing to deal with that. He's also an experienced financial writer so I would really be surprised if he didn't understand what fee-for-service freedom means as regards costs going up. The comparison many make is with single payer, which Medicare is in design, not with private insurance. Many want Medicare in its fee-for-service style, not reformed with bundling or whatever, for everyone.
by artappraiser on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 6:00pm
Here's what Michael said in your link...
But who says bundling has anything to do with being forced to submit to a treatment that works for the average person, but not you?
Why do you think that bundling will encourage your doctor to give you a treatment that works for Sally, but not you?
Bundling does not mean that everyone gets the same pill come hell or high water.
Again, the focus is on healing you...that's the only goal...not on racking up bills for piece work...not on giving you the same pill that they just gave Barbara.
And frankly, if your bundle isn't healing you, there's no reason why you can't go find a different bundle who might do a better job.
by Peter Schwartz on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 8:22pm
What they like about Medicare is...
• No matter how sick you are, you can't be turned down.
• Your benefits aren't capped...you get it until "the end."
• Your premiums don't rise (that much). IOW, it remains affordable.
• You can't get kicked off the plan.
• What they don't like about private insurance is that none of these things have been true up until now. You could get turned down. You could become uninsurable. Your premiums keep rising. You could get kicked if you spent too much.
• Also, but somewhat less frequently mentioned, is curtailment of choice through in and out of network categories. In my experience, there have been "plenty" of docs who took my insurance, just never the ones I was going to and liked. That was probably silly on my part, and I probably wasted a lot of money on out of network people when I should've just switched to someone in-network.
• Medicare as it is now also does not give you infinite choice; it gives you a more or less infinite ability to spend money. As you say, there are many doctors, often the better ones, who don't take Medicare. And many, I hear, are dropping it. Until the government starts hiring all the providers, providers will be free to take or not take any form of payment they like. That ain't choice with a Big C in my book.
• If you read what he says, bundling is not only a payment method, but a way of organizing the work so that the entire team is focused on your health, not on racking up procedures. The goal is to heal you, and they do whatever has to be done to do that. Though not mentioned here, there is also the idea of evidence-based medicine that often goes along with this idea and is, in fact, part of ACA (though not huge). Which is to say a focus on using treatments that have been scientifically proven to work. If you can eliminate ineffective treatments and only use the ones that work best, then you may save money and, more importantly, do a better job of healing the patient.
• Personal anecdote. Some years ago, I was working with some "cutting edge" nurses, and they introduced me to the idea of evidence-based medicine. I said, "Uh, I thought all treatments were used because they had been proven to work. Scientifically." No, apparently not. Many treatments are used as a matter of...how to put it?...custom...or practice. They've been handed down from doctor to doctor, and every doctor receives them from older doctors in whom they have complete confidence, and so it goes. But if put to the test, these treatments might be shown to be ineffective, or less effective than thought, or less effective than an alternative.
Since doctors, under bundling, get paid for healing the patient and not for running tests, they have an incentive to do what will heal you and not waste time and money with stuff that hasn't passed the test.
Here's what Zeke says on bundling (below). I don't see anything here that necessarily entails an undue loss of choice..which exists in Medicare anyway...except maybe we'd no longer have the choice to pursue a lot of treatments that don't work.
Does Michael actually want to pursue a lot of treatments that don't work? If so, then he can break open his piggy bank any time he wants and go get them. Even in England, where government controls health care and choice is not a watchword, you can still buy private insurance and, as always, you can go and pay any doctor or witch doctor for anything you want.
by Peter Schwartz on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 8:13pm
Truth be told, what folks really like about Medicare is that you get protection in the same way, sort of, that you get your SS benefits.
You've paid in. You have your card. You get your benefits out. You don't have to hassle with an insurance company or getting a policy. If you've paid your FICA, you have your "policy."
I don't know what most people know about Medicare, since they seem to know so little about a lot of things, but I think most people have heard that not every doctor will accept Medicare and Medicare won't pay for your every medical whim.
That's why, on those ads for motorized wheelchairs, they make a point of saying that Medicare will pay for it. It's not a given.
by Peter Schwartz on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 9:04pm
Before you complain about medicare, carefully consider the alternative...
by jollyroger on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 9:44pm
Dude, I'm not complaining...at all.
by Peter Schwartz on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 10:02pm
Just wanted an excuse to link to the Onion...
edit to add: I gotta complaint: As soon as you mention Medicare, (even if you are getting it at age 19 because of a clerical screw up), people (Tmac, I'm talkin" to you) start viewing you as some kinda geezer...
by jollyroger on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 11:43pm
Thanks Emma, great link and a really good read.
by tmccarthy0 on Mon, 03/10/2014 - 10:58pm
After seeing the following, I suspect he may have used the hip replacement example because he's had an inkling about what a big and growing business it is, one that didn't exist not so long ago:
In an ordinary fair market, volume heats up, prices should be going down.....but then with health care, the end consumer isn't usually asking about price....
by artappraiser on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 3:20pm
One of the unmentioned potential benefits of voucherizing medicare would be that medical tourism would explode...that hip in Thailand costs bupkis, plus, while you're recovering you get the special massages...
by jollyroger on Tue, 03/11/2014 - 7:59pm